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Memoirs of Mr. Hempher, The British Spy to the Middle East
''Memoirs of Mr. Hempher, The British Spy to the Middle East'' or ''Confessions of a British Spy'' is a document purporting to be the account by an 18th-century British agent, Hempher, of his instrumental role in founding the conservative Islamic reform movement of Wahhabism, as part of a conspiracy to corrupt Islam. It first appeared in 1888, in Turkish, in the five-volume ''Mir'at al-Haramayn'' of Ayyub Sabri Pasha (who is thought to be the actual author by at least one scholar).〔(Anti-Wahhabism: a footnote )| Middle East Strategy at Harvard | Bernard Haykel|March 27, 2008〕
It has been described as "apocryphal",〔 a "forgery", "utter nonsense",〔 and "an Anglophobic variation on The Protocols of the Elders of Zion”.〔(Caught in the Crossfire ) by George Packer| ''The New Yorker''| 17 May 2004〕 It has been widely translated and disseminated, is available on the internet,〔〔(CONFESSIONS of A BRITISH SPY and British Enmity Against Islam ) 8th edition, HAKIKAT KITABEVI, WAQF IKHLÂS〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.sunna.info/antiwahabies/wahhabies/htm/spy1.htm )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.sunna.info/antiwahabies/wahhabies/htm/spy2.htm )〕 and still enjoys some currency among some individuals in the Middle East and beyond. In 2002, an Iraqi military officer recapitulated the book in a “top secret document”.〔〔(''Correspondence dated 24 Sep 2002, within the General Military Intelligence Directorate (GMID), regarding a research study titled, "The Emergence of AI-Wahhabiyyah Movement and its Historical Roots"'', by Col Al-'Amiri, Sa'id Mahmud Najm, Iraqi General Military Intelligence Directorate. Captured by USA, May 2003, and translated into English. )〕
== Content==
In the book, a British spy named Hempher, working in the early 1700s, tells of disguising himself as a Muslim and infiltrating the Ottoman Empire with the goal of weakening it to destroy Islam once and for all. He tells his readers: "when the unity of Muslims is broken and the common sympathy among them is impaired, their forces will be dissolved and thus we shall easily destroy them... We, the English people, have to make mischief and arouse schism in all our colonies in order that we may live in welfare and luxury."〔
Hempher intends ultimately to weaken Muslim morals by promoting "alcohol and fornication," but his first step is to promote innovation and disorder in Islam by creating Wahhabism, which is to gain credibility by being on the surface morally strict. For this purpose, he enlists "a gullible, hotheaded young Iraqi in Basra named Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab".〔(The Saga of "Hempher," Purported British Spy ) |by Daniel Pipes |January 1996〕 Hempher corrupts and flatters Wahhab until the man is willing to found his own sect. According to Hempher, he is one of 5,000 British agents with the assignment of weakening Muslims, which the British government plans to increase to 100,000 by the end of the 18th century. Hempher writes, "when we reach this number we shall have brought all Muslims under our sway" and Islam will be rendered "into a miserable state from which it will never recover again."〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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